为了实现大口径平面光学元件的高精度加工, 开展了磁流变加工技术的研究。介绍了磁流变加工原理及去除函数的数学模型。根据磁流变加工的特点, 建立了元件整体加工的工艺流程, 给出了元件加工的工艺要素。然后, 开发了抛光斑的提取软件, 并基于轨迹段划分的速度模式开发了工艺软件, 分析了工艺软件的各项功能模块。最后, 基于元件加工的工艺流程, 对一件800 mm×400 mm的元件进行了加工实验。利用检测设备测得了元件的低、中、高频的加工指标, 其低频反射波前PV值为34 nm, 中频波前功率谱密度(PSD1)值为1.7 nm, 高频粗糙度Rq值为0.27 nm。实验显示了较好的实验结果, 验证了利用磁流变加工技术实现了大口径光学元件的高精度加工的可行性。本文还阐述了磁流变加工技术在高功率激光元件中应用的优点。

The magnetorheological processing was investigated to improve the machining precision of large aperture optical elements. The principle of magnetorheological processing and the mathematical model of removal function were introduced. On the basis of the characteristics of the magneticrheological processing, the whole processing flow of optical elements was established and the technological factors of element process were given. Then, the software for extracting laser spots was developed, the technological software was also proposed based on the orbit segment divided speed mode and functions of modules in the technological software were analyzed. Finally, an element with a length of 800 mm and a width of 400 mm was machined experimentally. The results in low, middle and high frequencies by a test equipment show that the PV value of reflective wavefront in low frequency is 34 nm, the PSD1(power spectrum density)value is 1.7 nm, and the roughness Rq value is 0.27 nm, respectively. These experimental results verify that it is feasible to machine the high precise large aperture optical elements by magnetorheological processing. Moreover, this paper expounds the advantages of magnetorheological processing in high power laser component applications.