通过蒙特卡罗仿真方法，分析了在不同尺度粒子的散射介质中线偏振光与圆偏振光后向散射的偏振保持能力，并运用瑞利散射和米散射理论对二者散射时偏振态的微观变化进行对比研究。结果表明，后向散射偏振保持能力与入射光的偏振态和粒子尺度均有关。对于瑞利散射粒子，线偏振光具有更强的偏振保持能力；对于米散射粒子，圆偏振光具有更强的偏振保持能力。

The polarization-maintaining capacities of the backscattered linearly and circularly polarized lights in the scattering media composed of particles with different sizes are analyzed with the Monte Carlo simulation method. The comparative research of the micro-change in polarization states between the linearly and the circularly polarized lights in the process of every scattering event is performed by using the Rayleigh and Mie scattering theories. The results show that the polarization-maintaining capacity depends on the polarization state of incident lights and the size of the particles. As for the Rayleigh-scattering particles, the linearly polarized light has a stronger polarization-maintaining capacity. While as for the Mie-scattering particles, the circularly polarized light has a stronger polarization-maintaining capacity.