利用半导体激光器在45#钢表面制备Fe-36Ni因瓦合金熔覆层,采用光学显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射(XRD)及能谱(EDS)对熔覆层的显微微组织进行分析。利用显微硬度计和磨损试验机以及多功能材料表面性能测试仪测试熔覆层的显微硬度和摩擦磨损性能。结果表明, Fe-36Ni因瓦合金熔覆涂层表面光滑平整, 熔覆涂层物相为Fe0.64Ni0.36和γ-(Fe.Ni)相, 保证了因瓦效应的产生。随着激光功率的增加, 熔覆层组织先细小后变得粗大; 随着激光功率的增加, 熔覆层的显微硬度和耐磨性表现为先升高后降低, 当激光功率为1 400 W时, 熔覆层硬度达到最大值395.1 HV0.2, 为基体的1.6倍; 熔覆层耐磨失重为0.006 7 g, 为基体的2.2倍。

Fe-36Ni Invar alloy cladding layer were fabricated on a 45 steel substrate by the use of a diode laser. The microstructure of the coating was analyzed with optical microscope, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS).The microhardness and frictional wear were examined by hardness tester, tribology machines and multi-functional tester for material surface. The results show thatFe-36NiInvar alloy cladding coating is smooth, uniform and dense. The main phases in cladding zone are Fe0.64Ni0.36 and γ-(Fe.Ni), so the cladding layer has Invar effect. With the increase of laser power, the microstructure of cladding layer is changed from small to large. Microhardness and wear resistance were increased first and then decreased. When the laser power is 1 400 W, the cladding coating is smooth, uniform and dense. The microhardness reached maximum is 395.1 HV0.2, which is 1.6 times of that of the substrate. The wear loss minimum is 0.006 7 g, which is 2.2 times of that of the substrate.