传统的偏振成像技术存在偏振成像实时性差、多光谱偏振成像困难和无法实现高光谱偏振成像等问题。针对这些问题，提出了一种新的基于信号调制解调理论的偏振成像理论，并根据该理论提出了一种基于光栅色散的光谱调制型高光谱偏振成像仪。该偏振成像仪首先测得被偏振调制过的光谱信号，再经过频域滤波与反演计算获得高光谱图像与偏振图像，因此该偏振成像仪可实现高光谱全偏振成像,并且可将高光谱成像与偏振成像完美融合。通过仿真实验验证了所提偏振成像仪在理论上的正确性。

Traditional polarization imaging techniques have a series of problems, such as the poor performance of real-time polarization imaging, the difficulty to realize the multi-spectral polarization imaging, and the impossibility to realize the hyper-spectral polarization imaging. In order to overcome these problems, a new theory of polarization imaging is proposed based on the signal modulation-demodulation theory. According to the proposed theory, a hyper-spectral polarization imager based on grating dispersion is proposed. The spectrum signal after polarization modulation is obtained by the polarization imager, and the hyper-spectral image and the polarization image are obtained by means of frequency-domain filtering and inversion calculation. Hence, the polarization imager can achieve hyper-spectral total polarization imaging. The polarization imaging and the hyper-spectral imaging are well combined faultlessly. The theoretical validity of the proposed polarization imager is testified through the simulation experiment.