拉曼光谱(Raman spectroscopy, RS)是一种散射光谱, 具有样品前处理简单、 响应速度快、 灵敏性高以及原位无损检测等特点。 由于拉曼信号具有指纹图谱特性和不受水分信息干扰的优势, 其在生物体信息检测方面发挥着重要作用。 拉曼光谱成像技术是拉曼光谱技术发展的新方向, 其可以同时获取研究对象的空间及光谱信息; 显微拉曼光谱技术不仅可以进行分子结构的检测, 还能够实现生物组织微区化学成分的空间分布分析。 目前, 应用拉曼光谱进行农作物生理信息的检测成为学者们的研究热点。 本文概述了拉曼光谱的基本原理和分类, 并重点介绍了拉曼光谱技术在农作物的生殖与营养器官(种子, 花朵, 果实和根, 茎, 叶)中生理信息检测方面的国内外最新研究进展。 最后结合国内外研究现状, 分析了拉曼光谱在农作物生理信息检测中的局限, 并对其的应用前景进行了展望。

Raman spectroscopy technique with fingerprint features has advantages of simple pre- treating, rapid response, high sensitivity and in- situ nondestructive detecting in acquiring biological information. Raman imaging technique could reveal the molecular structure and realize chemical composition content distribution of tested samples and it has advantages in obtaining information of plant cell and tissue. Based on these characteristics, Raman spectroscopy and Raman imaging have been widely applied in detecting the quality of agricultural products. This review mainly focused on the detection of plant physiological information about cellular morphology, structure, metabolites in six primary organs (seed, root, stem, leaf, flower and fruit). Although Raman technology is still in early exploration stage and it is facing many tough challenges, it has a broad space for development in agriculture.