细胞纳米结构的探测对癌症的早期诊断以及筛查具有非常重要的意义。 空域低相干相位显微镜可以探测细胞的纳米结构获取系统参数, 但是显微镜的系统参数和细胞纳米结构参数之间存在着复杂的非线性相关关系, 需要研究方法加以定量分析。 因此, 基于一维高斯场模型加一维多层介质模型模拟空域低相干相位显微镜的背散射光谱, 实验结果表明模型预测结果与实际测量结果基本一致。 对已知纳米结构的组织切片光谱建模, 通过统计方法分析了系统参数与细胞纳米结构参数的相关关系, 验证了系统参数确实能反映细胞纳米结构参数的变化, 并量化了系统参数的反映水平。 研究成果为基于空域低相干相位显微镜的癌症早期诊断提供了新的理论基础和方法依据。

Structure properties of cell, especially at nanoscale, have shown great potential in early cancer diagnosis and screening. The research has shown that spatial-domain low-coherence quantitative phase microscopy (SL-QPM) can obtain the optical markers which related to the subtle change of nanoscale structure. There is a complex nonlinear relationship between the optical markers and the nanoscale structure parameters. In this paper, a theoretical model of backscattering spectrum of SL-QPM is built with one dimensional Gaussian random field model with one dimensional multilayer dielectric slab model. The result shows that the simulation spectrum matches well with the experimental result. Then the numerical analysis is presented on a series model of histology slides with various known structure properties. We validated that the optical makers of SL-SQM (the average phase, the standard deviation of phase, the average amplitude, the standard deviation of amplitude, the fluctuation ratio) can detect the subtle change of the cell structure( the average refractive index, the variation of refractive index, the spatial correlation length). It provide theoretical basis for the early cancer detection based on SL-QPM.