根据生物膜能流理论和电子传递模型，结合快相与弛豫两种激发条件，对复杂的光合作用过程进行分析并简化计算，提出植物光合作用参数反演方法。利用滑动窗口斜率判定法确定最大荧光产率；利用线性最小二乘算法解析快相荧光过程获得光化学量子效率和功能吸收截面；利用离散迭代算法解析弛豫荧光过程获得质体醌平均还原时间常数。对对数生长期以及铜离子胁迫条件下的平裂藻和斜生栅藻进行实验测量，结果表明该方法反演结果具有良好的稳定性和重复性，光化学量子效率、功能吸收截面和质体醌平均还原时间常数的测量结果相对标准偏差分别为1.25%、1.50%和1.83%，其中光化学量子效率与脉冲振幅调制技术的测量结果线性相关系数达到0.9714。该方法为研究植物生理研究提供一种光学分析手段。

According to the biological film energy flow theory and electron transfer model, the plant complex photosynthesis is analyzed and simplified by combining to the exciting conditions of fast phase and relaxation, so that an inversion method of plant photosynthesis parameter is proposed .The maximum fluorescence yield is calculated by using the determinate method of sliding window slope. The photochemical quantum efficiency and the functional absorption cross section are obtained by analyzing the fast phase fluorescence process with linear least square algorithm. The plastoquinone average reduction time constant is obtained by analyzing the relaxation fluorescence process with discrete iterative algorithm. The experimental measurement results of the merismopedia and scenedesmu sobliquus grew in logarithmic phase and under the copper ion stress conditions show that the inversion has good stability and repeatability. The relative standard deviation of the photochemical quantum efficiency, the functional absorption cross section and the plastoquinone average reduction time constant are 1.25%, 1.50% and 1.83%, respectively. The linear correlation coefficient of the photochemical efficiency compared to the measuring result of the pulse amplitude modulation technology is 0.9714. The proposed inversion method provides an optical analysis means for the study of plant physiology.