光谱学与光谱分析, 2017, 37 (8): 2480, 网络出版: 2017-08-30  

紫外光引发模板聚合阳离子聚丙烯酰胺及其污泥脱水应用

Ultraviolet-Initiated Template Polymerization of Cationic Polyacrylamide and Its Sludge Dewatering Performance
作者单位
1 重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400045
2 宜宾学院资源与环境工程学院, 四川 宜宾 644000
3 重庆大学低碳绿色建筑国际联合研究中心, 重庆 400045
4 宜宾市辐射环境监测站, 四川 宜宾 644000
摘要
阳离子聚丙烯酰胺是污水和污泥处理中常用的一种絮凝剂, 传统方法制备的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺因阳离子单体随机分布, 电荷过于分散, 导致其在絮凝时不能充分发挥阳离子单体的电中和作用, 为此本研究尝试使用一种新型方法制备阳离子聚丙烯酰胺, 即以二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为单体, 分别以两种不同分子量的聚丙烯酸钠(PAAS)为模板, 使用紫外光引发模板聚合法制得模板聚合物TPDA1和TPDA2, 同时使用紫外光引发聚合法制得非模板聚合物(NTPDA)作为对比。 使用红外光谱(FTIR)、 氢核磁共振图谱(1H NMR)、 扫描电镜(SEM)等方法对制得的聚合物进行表征, 并通过污泥脱水试验研究其污泥脱水效率。 波谱分析结果表明, 添加模板提高了DMDAAC单体的活性, 促使聚合物分子中形成DMDAAC连续分布的阳离子单体嵌段结构, 从而提高了聚合物的絮凝性能, 尤其是电中和作用; SEM扫描显示模板聚合物的具有较大的比表面积和分形维数; 污泥脱水试验表明, 模板聚合物具有较好的污泥脱水性能和较宽pH应用条件, 当模板聚合物TPDA1投加量为50 mg·L-1, 污泥pH为8时, 其具有最佳污泥脱水效率, 污泥含水率降至最低值72.5%。 模板分子量对聚合物属性也存在影响, 分子量较低的模板制得的聚合物具有相对较好的污泥脱水效率。
Abstract
Cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM), is often used asflocculantin water treatment and sludge dewatering. CPAM prepared with traditional methods can’t react completelydue to the randomly-scattering cationic units in its molecules, resulting in its flocculation efficiency decline. So this study tried to use a novel method to prepare CPAM, i. e., acrylamide (AM) and diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DMDAAC) selected as monomers and poly sodium polyacrylate (PAAS) with two different molecular weights selected as the template, the template polymers (TPDA1 and TPDA2) were polymerized with ultraviolet (UV)-initiated template polymerization. The common polymer (NTPDA) of AM and DMDAAC was also polymerized through UV -initiated synthesis for comparison. All polymers were characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and used to sludge dewatering experiment. The spectrum analysis revealed that the template addition improved the reactivity ratio of DMD, as a result, the micro-block structure with DMDAAC continuous distribution were generated in polymer molecules, which improved the flocculation performance of polymer, especially charge neutralization; the SEMresult showed TPDA1 and TPDA2 both had a higher specific surface area and fractal dimension than NTPDA; the sludge dewatering experiment proved template polymers possessed preferable dewaterability and more permissive pH condition for application; In the optimal conditions of TPDA1 dose of 50.0 mg·L-1 and wastewater of pH 8, the sludge moisture content dropped to the lowest level of 72.5%. The molecular weight of template also had influence on polymer properties, and the template with smaller molecular weight had preferable dewaterability.

张正安, 郑怀礼, 黄飞, 付茂梅, 李香, 周于皓. 紫外光引发模板聚合阳离子聚丙烯酰胺及其污泥脱水应用[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2017, 37(8): 2480. ZHANG Zheng-an, ZHENG Huai-li, HUANG Fei, FU Mao-mei, LI Xiang, ZHOU Yu-hao. Ultraviolet-Initiated Template Polymerization of Cationic Polyacrylamide and Its Sludge Dewatering Performance[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2017, 37(8): 2480.

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