太赫兹频率的相干声子在纳米尺度器件的探测和操控领域具有重要的应用价值。半导体超晶格声子激光器是实现太赫兹频率相干声子源稳定输出的重要途径。本文首先回顾了GHz到THz频率范围声学放大的多种方法，然后详细阐述了超晶格声子放大、超晶格声学布拉格镜的工作原理与设计方法以及声子激光器的阈值条件，同时总结了电抽运和光抽运结构器件的研究现状，最后简要讨论了亚太赫兹声子激光器在声-电子领域的应用。分析表明，这种能够产生强相干太赫兹声子的半导体超晶格声子激光器在纳米尺度器件的探测与成像等方面具有广阔的发展前景。

The coherent phonons at terahertz frequency have important applications in the field of detection and control of nanometer scale devices. Semiconductor superlattice phonon laser is an important way to realize the stable source of terahertz coherent phonon. Firstly, some methods about acoustic amplification in GHz-THz frequency range are reviewed. Next, the phonon amplification in superlattices, the working principles and design methods of superlattice acoustic Bragg reflectors and threshold of phonon laser are all elaborated. Then the research status on electrically pumped and optically pumped phonon lasers are summarized. Lastly, the applications for sub-terahertz phonon laser in the acoustic-electrons field are briefly discussed. The semiconductor superlattice phonon laser producing strong coherent phonons at terahertz frequency will have a much broader development prospect in multiple aspects, such as the detection and imaging of nanoscale devices.