天空光偏振模型能够仿真天空光偏振态的分布规律,是研究天空光偏振态分布与大气特性参数之间的定量关系的重要工具.首先, 基于倍加累加法的辐射传输模型和T矩阵法计算粒子散射特性, 建立了适用于多种天气条件下的天空光偏振模型, 可覆盖可见光波段到近红外波段; 其次, 在比较实验中, 所建立模型的仿真结果与Hovenier等人的计算结果有95%的全天空光仿真点的相对误差小于5%; 最后, 利用基于液晶相位可变延迟器(liquid crystal variable retarders, LCVR)的全偏振成像探测系统进行全天空光探测实验, 结果表明, 所建模型的仿真精度优于传统模型, 并且在80%的区域内与实际观测结果保持一致.由此可以得出结论, 所建立的天空光偏振模型能够比较准确模拟多种天气下的全天空范围内天空光偏振态分布规律, 为不同天气条件下偏振遥感探测和偏振导航等技术提供有力的理论依据.

The skylight polarization models can simulate the polarization state distribution of the skylight, and are key tools to study the quantitative relationship between the polarization state distribution of the skylight and the characteristic parameters of the atmosphere. A skylight polarization model of various weather conditions was modelled, which is based on adding and doubling method for solving the radiative transfer equation and T matrix method for calculating the scattering properties of particles. The comparison between the simulation results of this model and the calculation results of Hovenier et.al showed that the relative error of more than 95% points is less than 5%. The measurement experiment results with the polarization imaging system based on LCVR showed that measurements are most consistent with the simulation results in degree of polarization in 80% of the area. It can be concluded that the model can accurately simulate the distribution of the polarization state of the sky light under various weather conditions.