基于辅助微分方程的时域有限差分法对太赫兹波在时变等离子体中的麦克斯韦方程进行推导, 利用本构关系建立了含有尘埃颗粒的时变等离子体模型, 模拟了随时间变化的尘埃等离子体鞘的吸收系数, 反射系数和传输系数.数值计算结果表明: 电子密度的增长速度受上升时间的影响,导致等离子板的反射系数随上升时间的增加而减小.吸收系数的增加与减少上升时间和频率、增加电子密度和尘埃粒子密度有关; 等离子板的厚度、尘埃粒子密度, 电子密度与吸收系数成正比, 当波的工作频率高达1 500 GHz时, 只有电子密度小于1020 m－3才可以通过等离子板, 等离子板的反射系数几乎不受碰撞频率小于3.5×1011 rad/s的影响.

The Maxwell′s equation of terahertz wave in time-varying plasma is deduced based on time-domain finite difference method of auxiliary differential equation in this paper. A time-varying plasma model with dust particles was constructed by using the constitutive relation. The absorption coefficient, reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient of the dust plasma sheath with time were simulated. The numerical results show that the growth rate of electron density is easily affected by the rise time, and the reflection coefficient of the plasma decreases with the increase of the rising time. The increase of the absorption coefficient is related to reducing the rise time and frequency, increasing the electron density and the density of the dust particles.In addition, the thickness of the plasma plate, the density of the dust particles, and the electron density are direct proportional to the absorption coefficient. When the operating frequency of the wave up to 1 500 GHz, only the electron density is less than 1020 m－3 can pass through the plasma plate. The alteration of the effective collision frequency barely affects the reflection coefficient of the time-varying dusty plasma as the collision frequency is smaller than 3.5×1011 rad/s. The results provide some technical support for the potential applications of spacecraft in the atmosphere of terahertz communication and dust plasma diagnostics.