自适应光学系统在高分辨力成像望远镜中发挥了重要作用。自适应光学系统对于望远镜系统中的低阶像差几乎可以完全校正，但是会牺牲变形镜的校正行程量；对于中高阶像差，自适应光学系统不能完全校正，如何减小高阶残余误差是望远镜系统设计需要考虑的问题之一。本文首先分析了望远镜光学结构中的主镜结构、次镜遮拦、次镜支撑筋、主次镜装调和光学加工等静态和准静态像差情况，然后分析了这些因素如何影响自适应光学校正能力，最后给出了对望远镜光学结构的要求。

Adaptive optics has played an important role in high resolution telescope. The low order aberrations of the telescope can be completely compensated by adaptive optics, but it causes the loss of the compensation stroke of the deformable mirror. The middle and high order aberrations after compensating of the deformable mirror have some residual aberration, so we need control the residual aberration to ensure high resolution im-aging quality, especially the high order residual aberration that can’t be compensated, which should be strictly controlled in the beginning of the design of the telescope system. This paper analyzes the structure of primary mirror of the telescope optical system, secondary mirror block, secondary mirror support bars block, the primary mirror and secondary mirror alignment, and the static and quasi-static aberration of the optical machining. The influence of these factors on the adaptive optics compensation is analyzed, and the requirements of the aberra-tion control are given. Key