利用雷达探测弹道导弹特有的微多普勒特征是进行目标识别的新方法,而目标体上散射点的选取是影响微多普勒特征参数提取的关键因素之一。首先建立弹道导弹弹头运动模型并简要给出基于时频分析法的弹头目标的微多普勒特征参数提取方法,然后根据散射点位置不同将目标体上散射点分4类,而后通过仿真微多普勒特征参数的提取,进而研究特征参数随散射点的变化特性。仿真结果表明: 在导弹锥形的顶部、底部边沿、锥形面上选择总量小于9的散射点,可以有效地提取导弹的微动特征参数。随着散射点数量的增加,提取微动特征参数的难度也相应增加,甚至无法提取微动特征参数。

The use of radar to detect micro-Doppler frequency peculiar to the ballistic missile is a new method for target detection,and the selection of the scattering points on the target body is one of the key factors in the extraction of micro-Doppler characteristic parameters.Firstly,the motion model of the warhead of the ballistic missile is established and the extraction method for the micro-Doppler characteristic parameter of the warhead target based on the time-frequency analytical method is given.Then,the scattering points on the target body are classified into four types according to the different positions of them.By simulating the extraction of micro-Doppler characteristic parameters,the properties of the characteristic parameters changing with the scattering point are analyzed.The simulation results show that:1) The fretting characteristic parameters of the missile can be effectively extracted by selecting the scattering points from the top,the edge of the bottom and the conical surfaces of the missile cone,with the total number less than 9;and 2) With the increase of the number of the scattering points,the difficulty for extracting the fretting characteristic parameters is correspondingly increased,to the extent that it is impossible to extract the fretting characteristic parameters.