地下金属矿山开采形成的采空区已成为危及矿山安全生产的主要灾源之一, 对矿产资源安全开采和矿区周边环境构成威胁, 三维激光扫描技术能精确地获取采空区三维空间形态, 已成为采空区高精度探测的主要手段。采空区传统等步距角扫描方法具有空间分辨率不均匀、效率低等缺点。结合采空区空间形态不规则等特点, 提出采空区三维激光扫描空间分辨率的增强方法, 推导了调节螺旋线间距和扫描轨迹上激光点间距的计算公式。矿山采空区扫描试验结果验证了方法的有效性, 提高了三维激光扫描的空间分辨率, 为采空区三维形态高精度获取提供了解决方案。

Underground metal mines cavities were serious threats to mineral resources exploitation and the surrounding environment of mines. Useful points′ spatial information about cavity shape could be gotten from 3D laser scanning detection precisely, which had become the main method of cavity accuracy detection. Traditional 3D laser equiangular scanning has its disadvantages of uneven spatial resolution and low efficiency. With the analysis of the irregular characteristics of mined-area, a 3D laser spatial resolution enhancement method was proposed. The formula of calculating the distance between the spiral line and the scanning trajectory was derived. The experimental result of points cloud verifies the efficiency of the new method, which improves the spatial resolution of the 3D laser scanning, and provides a solution for the high accuracy acquisition of 3D shape in the mined-area.