在生物医学和临床医学领域, 许多疾病的诊断和治疗依赖于细胞形态的识别。不同细胞具有不同的形态, 这些形态的不同将导致生物组织中光传播特征的变化, 更重要的是这将影响细胞的光散射特性。目前, 动态光散射理论是动态识别细胞尺寸和形状的最佳方式。细胞主要由细胞质、细胞核和线粒体组成, 因此, 分析它们的光散射特性对于光学诊断和治疗具有非常重要的意义。设计实验获取了癌细胞和聚苯乙烯球的光散射特性, 并利用时域有限差分法建立细胞质模型进行细胞光散射特性仿真。从肺癌细胞的光散射结果可以看出, 线粒体对前向散射(0°~20°)和后向散射(160°~180°)贡献最大, 细胞核对侧向散射(80° ~100°)贡献最大, 细胞质对各个角度贡献均等。仿真结果和实验结果基本一致。

In the field of biological medicine and clinical medicine, the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases almost rely on the identification of cell morphology. Different cells have different shape which would lead to the change of the light propagation characteristics among biological tissues. What′s more, it affects the light scattering properties of cells. At present, the theory of dynamic light scattering is the optimal way to dynamically identify the distribution of the size and the shape which related to the cell. Cells are mainly composed of cytoplasm, nucleus and mitochondria. Therefore, analyzing their optical properties have great significance for optical diagnostic and treatment. Experiments were designed to obtain the light scattering properties of lung cancer cells and Polystyrene microspheres which contained cytoplasm, nucleus and mitochondria. The models of cytoplasm were built with finite different time domain(FDTD) algorithm to simulate the light scattering properties. The light scattering properties of lung cancer cells demonstrate that mitochondria make a contribution to forward scattering (0°-20°) and backward scattering (160°-180°), nucleus make a big difference to side scattering (80°-100°), cytoplasm have an effect on any angle. The result of the simulation testified that the experimental results are correct.