目前多数水印算法将伪随机数列作为水印，算法设计时多偏重于提高水印隐蔽性和鲁棒性，但忽略了水印自身的安全。本文提出了一种基于量子密钥真随机性的，可进行篡改定位的、面向安全通信的空域水印算法来提高水印的安全性。该算法使用基于BB84协议原理、通过量子密钥分发机制生成的具有真随机性和绝对安全性的量子密钥制备二值图像水印， 并结合首次提出的量子密钥矩阵模型与8-邻域随机定位理念，将量子水印动态随机地嵌入到载体图像中。 传输完成后，接收方可以快速提取水印信息，精确判断水印图像完整性及传输过程安全性，并能够对篡改进行定位。对算法进行了隐蔽性、鲁棒性以及篡改定位测试，结果表明: 提出的算法简单，具有高安全性和隐蔽性，同时兼顾鲁棒性，篡改定位精度达3 pixel×3 pixel， 可以广泛应用于数字图像的安全传输中。

Current watermarking algorithms use mostly pseudo random sequences to generate watermarks. These algorithms emphasize the improvement of imperceptibility and robustness of the watermarking but ignores its safety. To improve the watermarking safety， a new secure communication oriented airspace watermarking algorithm with a tamper locating function was proposed based on the true randomness of quantum key. According to the principle of BB84 protocol， the quantum key with real randomness and absolute security generated by quantum key distribution mechanism was used to generate binary image watermarks. Then， in combining with a quantum key matrix model and 8-neighborhood random location idea， the quantum watermarks were embed into a carrier image dynamically and randomly. At the end of the transmission， the receiver could quickly extract watermark information， accurately judge the integrity of the watermark image and the security of the transmission process， and could perform tamper localization. The concealment， robustness and tamper location of the algorithm were tested. The experimental results show that the algorithm is simple， safe， and has higher safety and covert and its tamper locating accuracy is 3 pixel×3 pixel. The algorithm can be widely used in the secure transmission of digital images.