针对异构传感器节点在网络初期部署中产生大量覆盖面积冗余的问题, 结合相关几何图形知识, 以提高网络覆盖率、改善节点分布均匀度为优化目标, 提出一种基于节点定向移动来减少节点两两之间覆盖冗余面积的网络覆盖优化算法。算法预先设立判定门限, 通过判定两两节点之间覆盖冗余面积与设定门限的大小关系, 对节点实施有向性偏移, 逐一减少节点之间的覆盖冗余面积。理论分析与实验仿真证明, 该算法能够有效提高异构传感器网络部署中的覆盖率, 优化节点分布均匀度将近8.7, 尤其在大型传感器网络的节点部署中具有极强实用性。

Considering the problems that a large area of redundant coverage for heterogeneous sensor nodes in the initial network deployment, combining with relevant knowledge of geometry, and aiming at improving network coverage rate and the uniformity distribution of nodes, a coverage optimization algorithm based on reducing the area covered by redundancy between any two nodes through the nodes directional movement is proposed. The algorithm establishes decision threshold in advance. It makes the nodes implementation on directional shift by determining the magnitude of redundant coverage area with set threshold between any two nodes, and reduces the area of each overlap redundancy between nodes. Theoretical analysis and experimental simulation shows that the algorithm can effectively improve the deployment coverage of heterogeneous sensor network and optimize the distribution degree for nodes, especially with strong practicality for nodes deployment in large-scale sensor networks.