光谱学与光谱分析, 2018, 38 (1): 104, 网络出版: 2018-01-30  

广西合浦九只岭汉墓出土石榴子石珠饰的科学分析

Scientific Analysis of Garnet Beads Unearthed from Tomb Dated to Han Dynasty in Jiuzhiling, Hepu, Guangxi
作者单位
1 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所科技考古中心, 上海 201800
2 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
摘要
为探明广西合浦九只岭汉墓出土的一批紫色珠饰的材质、 制作工艺和可能的原料来源, 应用X射线荧光光谱、 激光拉曼光谱和以及超景深三维显微系统三种分析技术科学分析了其中8枚珠饰。 根据X射线荧光光谱和激光拉曼光谱分析结果, 从矿物学特征上讲, 这些珠饰是由石榴子石族矿物中的铝系石榴石加工而成, 除一件样品属于铁铝-镁铝榴石型外, 其矿物成分体系具有较高一致性, 其他样品均属于富铁铝榴石型石榴子石。 结合超景深数码显微系统所获取的样品加工痕迹信息以及近年考古学和科技研究成果, 探讨了这批石榴子石的加工工艺和可能的来源。 判断这批珠饰采用了旋磨工艺和皮囊球磨工艺两种打磨工艺, 采用双钻石钻具对钻的钻孔工艺。 这批铁铝榴石宝石珠饰应是由南亚或南亚经东南亚通过海上丝绸之路输入到合浦的, 是汉代海上丝绸之路贸易的重要物证, 对研究海上丝绸之路的历史和文化交流等具有重要的意义。
Abstract
To ascertain the material, making technique, and possible sources of raw materials of some purple gemstone bead ornaments unearthed from the tomb dated to Han Dynasty in Jiuzhiling, Hepu, Guangxi, eight beads were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), Raman spectroscopy and Digital microscope system. The results of XRF and Raman spectroscopy showed that these beads were made of pyralspite garnet group endmember species. They have similar chemical compositions to that of almandine-garnets, except one sample attributed to almandine-pyrope garnet. We discussed the processing techniques and the possible sources of the garnet beads based on the mark evidence obtained by Digital microscope system, and the recent results of archaeological and scientific researches. The rotary grinding-stone technique and the spherical polishing-leather bag technique were used for grinding and polishing these beads, and a double-diamond drills was used to drill the beads from both sides. It can be concluded that the batch of garnet gemstone beads were imported to Hepu from South Asia by way of Southeast Asia or from South Asia along maritime Silk Road. The beads analyzed in this paper are important evidences of the Maritime Silk Road trade in Han Dynasty. It is significant for the studies of the history and cultural exchange on the maritime Silk Road.

王亚伟, 董俊卿, 李青会. 广西合浦九只岭汉墓出土石榴子石珠饰的科学分析[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2018, 38(1): 104. WANG Ya-wei, DONG Jun-qing, LI Qing-hui. Scientific Analysis of Garnet Beads Unearthed from Tomb Dated to Han Dynasty in Jiuzhiling, Hepu, Guangxi[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2018, 38(1): 104.

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