光子晶体（PC）微纳传感器具有体积小、易集成、响应时间快、控光能力强、可实现无标签检测以及设计灵活等优点，在工业生产、海洋探测、生物医疗检测及环境监测等领域展现出巨大的应用前景。针对基于一维纳米束PC与二维平板PC的微纳光子传感技术，从传感器结构设计和传感性能提升方面，分析了当前国内外PC微纳传感的关键理论和实验技术进展，并通过对比分析，探讨了PC微纳传感技术在未来应用中所面临的挑战及未来发展的趋势。

Due to the advantages of compact size, easy integration, fast response time, strong ability for controlling light, detecting without label, and flexibility in design, the photonic crystal (PC) micronano sensors show great application prospects in the fields of industrial production, ocean exploration, biological medicine testing, and environmental detection. As for the one-dimensional nanobeam and two-dimensional slab PC sensoring technologies, the key theories and experimental technique progresses of PC micronano sensing at home and abroad are analyzed from the aspects of structural design and sensoring performance improvement of sensors. Furthermore, with comparative analysis, the challenges and future development trend of PC micronano sensing technology in further application are discussed.