电压的实时测量是电力系统稳定、安全的关键。提出了一种基于啁啾光纤光栅的电压传感器,利用压电陶瓷的逆压电效应带动黏贴在其上面的传感啁啾光栅发生形变,使传感啁啾光栅的波长发生漂移,通过检测传感啁啾光栅和参考啁啾光栅反射光包络的强度变化,获取被测电压的幅值和频率信息。理论分析了电压与光功率变化的关系,搭建了带温度补偿的双啁啾光栅传感系统,实验研究了传感器的静态和实时动态特性。实验结果表明,该传感器的相关系数R2为0.999 8,电压灵敏度达到0.048 mW/V,既能直接检测直流电压,也能较好地检测交流电压及其频谱信息,为在复杂环境评估电能质量提供了参考。

The real-time measurement of voltage is an important factor of stability and security of the power system.A voltage sensor based on chirped fiber grating is proposed.The fiber Bragg grating is deformed by the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics,which cause the wavelength of chirped grating is drifted.By detecting the intensity change of the reflected envelope of the induced sensor chirped grating and the reference chirped grating,the amplitude and frequency information of the measured voltage are obtained.The relationship between voltage and optical power is analyzed theoretically.A dual chirped grating sensing system with temperature compensation is built.The static and dynamic characteristics of the sensor are studied experimentally.The experimental results show that the R2 of the sensor is 0.999 8,the voltage sensitivity reaches 0.048 mW/V,which can detect both the DC voltage and the power frequency of the voltage and its spectrum information.It provides a reference for evaluating the power quality in the complex environment.