针对当前探测器距离尾流较近时目标回波信号淹没在水体散射信号中, 以及对低密度、微小气泡群较难探测的问题, 通过对尾流散射光的斯托克斯参量特征进行研究, 可全面反映光经过尾流散射后的完全偏振光、 部分偏振光全非偏振的特征。仿真计算了尾流中微小气泡在不同半径、不同散射角条件下斯托克斯散射矩阵的变化, 并对比了水分子的散射特征, 研究分析发现: (1) 不同大小尾流微气泡的斯托克斯散射特征既有相似之处, 也有一定的差异; (2) 微气泡的散射参量, 与水分子相对应参量比较, 差异更加明显, 水分子的散射参量不存在震荡现象且散射特征稳定。利用斯托克斯参量进行光尾流特征分析, 信息量较全面, 光散射特征差异明显, 证实了其用于尾流信号分析、探测的可行性。

Aiming at the problem that the target signal may be submerged in the water scattering signal when the detector is near the ship wake, as well as the difficulty of detecting the low density and small bubbles, based on our previous researches, a method was proposed by comparing and analyzing the differences of the polarization effect of scattering characteristics when laser irradiated the micro-bubbles, water, we could distinguish bubble signals, as well as by measuring the Stokes parameters of scattered light, this can fully extract the information of ship wake field′s features. The scattering of the Stokes scattering matrix under different radius and scattering angles was calculated and compared with the scattering characteristics of water molecules. The results show that: (1) Stokes scattering characteristics of wake waves with different sizes have similarities and differences. (2) The scattering parameters of microbubbles are more obvious than those of water molecules. There is no oscillatory phenomenon in the scattering parameters of water molecules and the scattering characteristics are stable. Using the Stokes parameter to analyze the characteristics of ship wake, the information volume is more comprehensive, and the light scattering characteristics are obviously different, which appear to be useful for the analysis and detection of wake signal.