随着我国社会经济的发展及国人饮食、生活习惯的改变, 糖尿病的发病率呈逐年上升趋势。糖尿病视网膜病变(Diabetic Retinopathy,DR) 作为糖尿病最为常见的并发症, 已成为视力下降甚至致盲的主要原因之一。通过对其早期诊断和及时治疗, 超过50%的患者的视力损伤及致盲可得到预防。因此, 研究DR的诊断和治疗方法具有重要的临床意义。由于眼部的结构及光学特性, 生物医学光子学技术在DR的临床诊断和治疗中已得到了非常广泛的应用并且具有巨大的发展前景。本文综述了目前临床上用于DR诊断和治疗的主要生物医学光子学技术的原理及其最新应用进展, 并分析对比了各个技术的特点, 最后总结并展望了生物医学光子学技术在临床DR诊断和治疗的发展趋势。

Diabetic Retinopathy(DR), as the most common complication of diabetes, has become one of the leading cause of vision loss or blindness. More than 50% of the patients with visual impairment or blindness as a result of DR can be prevented by early diagnosis and prompt treatment. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to study the diagnosis and treatment of DR. Based on the structural and optical properties of eyes, biomedical photonics techniques have been widely used in diagnosis and treatment of DR and show great prospects. In this paper, the principle of biomedical photonics techniques in clinical diagnosis and treatment of DR is reviewed and the characteristics of each technique is analyzed and compared. Finally, the development trend of biomedical photonics technology in clinical DR diagnosis and treatment is prospected.