为了利用分布式光纤振动传感技术进行光纤复合海底电缆(简称为海缆)锚害故障检测，开展了海缆运行现场的锚害试验。用550吨的货船和1 000 kg的船锚模拟了锚砸和拖曳事件，用基于相位敏感光时域反射计(Ф-OTDＲ)技术的分布式光纤振动传感设备对3.3 km三芯海缆内的光纤进行了实时监测，获得了海面平静、锚砸和船锚拖曳3种情况下，光纤振动信号的能量和快速傅里叶变换幅度谱在时间和空间上的分布数据，并对其进行了分析。结果表明，海面平静时能量和幅度都很小，锚砸时能量和幅度会产生短时上升且频率成分丰富，船锚拖曳时能产生较长时间的能量和幅度上升，但频率成分较锚砸少。分布式光纤振动传感技术可有效检测锚害故障。

The anchor damage experiment of the submarine power cable in running is conducted in order to detect anchor damage fault using distributed optical fiber vibration sensing technology. The anchor smash and drag events are simulated using a cargo ship of 550 tons and an anchor of 1 000 kg. The 3-core optical fiber composed of submarine power cable is first monitored using distributed optical fiber vibration sensing equipment based on Ф-OTDR. The optical fiber vibration data is obtained under calm sea, anchor smash and anchor drag. The data is then analyzed in energy and FFT domain corresponding to time and space. Results indicate that the amplitude of energy spectrum and amplitude spectrum are small when the sea is calm. Anchor smash can cause a short-time energy and the amplitude increasing with abundant frequency components. Anchor drag can cause a longer-time energy and amplitude increasing with less frequency components. Anchor damage fault can be detected effectively with the distributed optical fiber vibration sensing technology.