针对机车电机整流子维修加工过程中，当前普遍应用的激光调制定位型云母槽削刻系统存在精度较低且需大量人工干预的问题，提出了一种基于机器视觉的云母槽精确定位方法，来克服电机整流子云母槽边缘难以精确提取的难点。本系统首先自主设计了精度补偿算法并构建了定位误差修正模型，基于此搭建了嵌入式系统平台，实现了对云母槽中心线的全自动快速精确定位；准确计算刻刀与中心线的偏差值；精确控制刀头移动到正确的下刻位置。实验结果表明，该仪器能精准计算云母槽中线位置，通过伺服电机对铣刀进行微调对准，并将刻刀定位误差控制在0.02 mm 之内，实现了整个操作流程的自动化和精确化。

In view of the issue that in the process of locomotive motor commutator maintenance and processing, laser modulation and positioning type mica slot engraving system are widely used in real applications. However, it has low precision and requires a lot of human intervention. To overcome this problem, this paper proposed a precise positioning method of mica slot based on machine vision, which can accurately extract the edge of the motor commutator. The system first independently designs the precision compensation algorithm and constructs the positioning error correction model. Based on this, the embedded system platform is built to realize the automatic, rapid and accurate positioning the center line of the mica slot. Then the system achieves accurate calculation the deviation between the knife and the center line and control the bit tool to move to the correct engraved position. Experimental results indicate that the instrument can accurately calculate the position of the mica slot center line. Through the servo motor control burin to adjustment and aim the midline, the knife positioning error has been controlled between the positive and negative 0.02 mm, achieving the entire operation process automation and precision.