共振非弹性散射(RIXS)是一种研究分子、材料的电子结构的X射线光谱技术，其对光源、光谱仪都有着极为苛刻的要求。掌握先进RIXS光谱仪设计思想、使用方法、性能等对未来研究均具有重要意义。通过探究其设计思想，从光程函数理论方式出发并计算变间距光栅参数，逐一分析各像差项对最终成像结果影响；开发可见激光的非接触式测量方式测量电机编码与光谱仪部件角度关系，并验证该方式的有效性；在同步辐射实验站直接使用同步辐射X射线，对光谱仪成像分辨率进行标定，掌握光谱仪工作性能；最终将SHADOW模拟数据与实际探测数据进行对比，表明光谱仪安装调试满足设计及实验要求。

RIXS, Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering, is an x-ray spectroscopy technique used to investigate the electronic structure of molecules and materials. The requirement of it for source and spectrometer is extremely strict. Mastering its design idea, application method, performance, and so on is of great significance for future research. Through analyzing the design ideas of RIXS spectrometer, using LPF of theory analysis and calculating the varied-line-spacing grating parameters, this paper analyzes each aberration effect on the result of the energy resolution. The relationship between motor encoder and accurate angle of each part of spectrometer is needed during setting up and operating. Thus a non-contact measurement using visible laser was applied and it has been proved to be effective. Before the first commissioning of XFEL, the spectrometer was calibrated by X-ray in synchrotron end station for its energy resolution. The SHADOW program simulation shows that the performance of spectrometer meets the requirement of design and experiment.