为了在一定平移范围内实现快速空间测角系统的测量功能, 对一定入射及方位角的光束经过Glan-Taylor棱镜后导致的非均匀分布的消光比参数引起的系统测角误差进行了研究。首先, 建立系统坐标系模型, 采用光线追迹法及偏振光的琼斯矩阵描述方式, 对格兰-泰勒棱镜消光比参数引起的测角误差进行了理论推导; 接着, 结合一定入射及方位角下非均匀分布的消光比参数, 运用Matlab软件进行了仿真分析。最后, 通过搭建实验平台, 利用平移接收单元来模拟不同的入射方位及角度变化; 根据实验值与仿真结果的对比分析, 得出非均匀分布的消光比对测角精度的影响。结果表明, 在一定的出射光范围内, 入射角是影响消光比非均匀分布进而影响系统测角精度的主要因素, 当方位角为90°时, 系统测角误差较小; 全方位角范围内系统测角误差随入射角的增大而显著增大, 由此验证了理论分析的正确性。该研究成果对优化测角系统结构并进一步提高系统性能具有一定的指导意义。

In order to enable a rapid space angle measuring system to realize the required measurement function in a certain translation range, we have investigated the system angle error caused by the nonuniform distribution of the extinction ratio of an incident and azimuth beam after passing through a Glan-Taylor prism. First, the system coordinate model was established. The ray tracing method and Jones matrix description of polarized light were used to deduce the angle error caused by the extinction ratio of the Glan-Taylor prism. Next, considering the nonuniform distribution of the extinction ratio under certain angles of incidence and azimuth, we performed simulations using the MATLAB software. Finally, experimentally obtained values of the translation of the receiving unit were used to simulate the change in different angles of incidence and azimuth. The influence of the extinction ratio on the accuracy of angle measurement was investigated by comparing the experimental and simulation results. Our studies indicated that the angle of incidence is the primary factor affecting the nonuniform distribution of the extinction ratio, and thereby, the accuracy of the system for a certain range of outgoing light. When the azimuth is 90°, the measurement error is small. The measurement error increases with an increase in the angle of incidence for the entire azimuth range. Thus, the validity of the theoretical analysis was verified. Our results will be extremely helpful in optimizing the system structure and improving its performance.