光学与光电技术, 2018, 16 (4): 30, 网络出版: 2018-08-30
基于微波传感技术的叶片间隙测量及模态辨识
Rotor Blade Tip-Clearance Measurement and Its Modal Parameters Identification Based on Microwave Technology
转子叶片间隙测量 微波传感技术 模态参数辨识 振动控制 测试分析 rotor blade tip-clearance measurement microwave sensing technology modal parameter identification vibration control test analysis
摘要
为了实现航空发动机转子叶片的在线振动测量,采用了微波传感技术对发动机转子叶片振动测量进行研究。推导了三自由度叶片机械机构的动力学数学模型,通过状态空间方程得到观测方程和观测向量,进而了解到观测矩阵,其转换矩阵可辨识频率、阻尼比和振幅。建立了一种辨识叶轮失谐时模态性能的仿真模型,解决了微波探头发射波形相位与壳体叶片尖端间隙的拟合关系,对脉冲极值和采样率进行了分析。该方法能较好地进行检测数据的特征提取与分析,获得转子叶片频率、阻尼、振幅等振动信息,得到最大响应频率5 MHz,间隙分辨率为25 μm。改进了转子叶片模态参数辨识和叶间隙振动测量方法,适合在一些苛刻的环境下运作,提升了发动机的振动检测能力。
Abstract
In order to realize the on-line measurement of the vibration of the aeroengine’s rotor blades, a new method of non-contact blade vibration measurement with microwave technology is presented in this paper. The three DOF mathematic model of blades architected is built, using state-space model to obtain observability formula, vector and matrix and the eigen frequencies, and dumping ratios and amplitude could be identified by the transition matrix. A simulation model which could identify blade modal characteristics is built. The relationship with reflected waveform and the tip-clearance between probe and case is described. The pulse wave peak and sampling ratio of probe is analyzed. The method is used to identify the modal characteristics of the system: eigen frequencies, dumping ratios and amplitude. The maximum response frequency and the resolution of the clearance is 5 MHz and 25 μm respectively. The method of blade modal parameter identification and tip-clearance vibration measurement in harsh environment is optimized and the rotor blade ability of self-check and protection is improved.
顾宝龙, 赵振平, 郭子昂, 陈浩远. 基于微波传感技术的叶片间隙测量及模态辨识[J]. 光学与光电技术, 2018, 16(4): 30. GU Bao-long, ZHAO Zhen-ping, GUO Zi-ang, CHEN Hao-yuan. Rotor Blade Tip-Clearance Measurement and Its Modal Parameters Identification Based on Microwave Technology[J]. OPTICS & OPTOELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY, 2018, 16(4): 30.