采用脉冲激光对38CrMoAl材质样件进行了激光清洗试验研究, 通过显微镜、白光干涉仪、台阶仪、红外测温仪等分析方法, 研究了38CrMoAl材料表面污染物的清洗阈值、损伤阈值、激光功率密度对清洗效果的影响规律。结果表明, 当激光功率密度大于1.22 J/cm2时, 样件表面污染物开始被有效清除, 对应污染物的清洗阈值, 当能量密度增加到3.11 J/cm2时, 38CrMoAl基材开始出现损伤, 对应基材的损伤阈值; 当能量密度位于清洗阈值和损伤阈值之间时, 清洗机理主要为振动效应; 当激光能量密度为2.36 J/cm2时, 清洗效果最好, 样件表面污染物去除干净, 清洗前后表面粗糙度基本没有变化, 基材无损伤, 激光清洗可满足38CrMoAl材质样件的精密清洗需求。

The laser cleaning experiment of 38CrMoAl samples was studied by pulsed laser. The influence law of cleaning threshold, damage threshold and laser power density of surface pollution of 38CrMoAl samples was studied by microscope, white light interferometer, step profiler and infrared thermometer. The result shows that when the laser power density increases to 1.22 J/cm2, the surface contaminants begin to be effectively removed, corresponding to the cleaning threshold, when the power density increases to 3.11 J/cm2, the substrate begins to be damaged, corresponding to the damage threshold; When the energy density between the cleaning threshold and the damage threshold, the cleaning mechanism is vibration effect; When the power density equals to 2.36 J/cm2, all the contaminants on the sample are removed, the roughness is not changed after cleaning, the substrate is not damaged. Laser cleaning can satisfy the fine cleaning needs of 38CrMoAl parts.