针对海面上方低空飞行慢速小目标探测问题, 采用Kirchhoff近似(KA)和矩量法(MoM)的混合方法研究了时变海面与其上方运动目标的后向散射回波的多普勒特性。分析了海况参数、入射角、目标运动速度、目标与海面之间的距离以及目标截面形状等对后向散射回波多普勒特性的影响。这项研究对于海面与目标耦合散射机理的分析以及海杂波背景下低飞慢速小目标的检测与识别具有重要意义。

Aiming at the detection of low-flying small target within sea clutter, a hybrid algorithm of Kirchhoff Approximation(KA) and Method-of-Moments(MoMs) is utilized for analyzing the Doppler spectrum signatures of low-flying small target located above rough sea surface. The effects of sea state parameters, incidence angles, the speed of flying target, the distance between the target and the sea surfaces, the shape of the target’s cross-section on Doppler spectrum signatures of backscattered echoes from time-varying sea surface are investigated in detail. This study is of great importance for the analysis of coupling scattering mechanism between sea surface and the target above it as well as for the detection and identification of low-flying small target within sea clutter.