应用于对地观测的高分辨同轴三反式系统对光学装调有着严格的要求, 光学元件的失调量和由装配应力导致的面型误差都会严重影响系统成像质量。该方法通过镜面受力分析和光学系统仿真指导系统装调, 以某商业遥感卫星搭载的同轴三反式镜头装调过程为例, 分析失调量和面型误差的像差特性。通过分析光学元件失调量和面型误差与系统像散、彗差以及球差的关系, 并利用系统波像差的均方根(RMS)作为系统像质的评价标准, 得出各个光学元件失调量和面型误差对系统成像质量的影响权重。根据计算结果进行针对性调校, 使系统各视场的平均RMS值收敛为0.06λ以下。经过多台同类镜头装调结果验证, 证明该方法切实有效, 可缩短装调周期, 提升装调精度。

Surface error and alignment aberration of mirrors are required precision uniform in space transmission coaxial three mirror system alignment． Based on force analysis and system simulation methods for efficient alignment of the coaxial optical systems, one coaxial three mirror system with large aperture and long focal length was used to illustrate the relationship between aberration characteristics to alignment aberration and surface error． The spherical aberration, coma and astigmatism caused by alignment aberration and surface error were calculated, then wavefront RMS was used as an evaluation standard for system imaging quality. Finally, the weight of alignment aberration and surface error to system imaging quality were obtained． Based on the calculated result, the average RMS was adjusted to below 0.06λ. The lens alignment results demonstrate the possibility and effectiveness of this method, and the proposed methods could be available to shorten the alignment process, and promote system alignment accuracy．