光谱学与光谱分析, 2018, 38 (10): 3231, 网络出版: 2018-11-25  

连续统去除法分析不同马铃薯品种高光谱差异性

Analysis of Hyperspectral Variation of Different Potato Cultivars Based on Continuum Removed Spectra
作者单位
1 天津工业大学管理学院, 天津 300387
2 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北京 100081
3 南京大学地理与海洋科学学院, 江苏 南京 210023
摘要
在我国实施“马铃薯主粮化”战略的背景下, 加强马铃薯相关的研究显得十分有意义。 比较和分析不同马铃薯品种不同时期的光谱差异性, 旨在为马铃薯品种鉴定、 马铃薯与其他作物的区分、 马铃薯空间分布提取、 马铃薯病虫害监测、 马铃薯受各种胁迫的影响以及各种作物识别研究等提供理论和技术支持, 也为作物高光谱相关研究提供新思路。 对在吉林地区大田试验获取的马铃薯早熟品种费乌瑞它和中晚熟品种延薯4号结薯期和块茎膨大期等关键生育期的样品的冠层高光谱反射率数据, 首先利用Savitzky-Golay平滑滤波进行去噪声处理, 获取其连续统去除光谱并提取出最大吸收深度、 总面积、 左面积、 右面积、 对称度、 面积归一化最大吸收深度6个特征参数。 同时对滤波后的光谱反射率数据和连续统去除光谱反射率数据进行一阶微分处理。 在对不同马铃薯品种这两种光谱反射率曲线对比分析的基础上构建反射率差异性指数、 一阶导数差异性指数、 连续统去除光谱特征参数差异性指数共3类8种差异性指数作为评价指标。 其中反射率差异性指数和一阶导数差异性指数研究“绿峰”550 nm, “红谷”670 nm以及可见光-近红外平台760 nm附近的波段。 利用这些差异性指数定量地分析了不同马铃薯品种高光谱差异性。 将连续统去除法应用到植物高光谱差异性分析中来, 并且深入到不同马铃薯品种以及其不同生育时期。 构建的差异性指数取得了很好的评价效果, 结果表明: (1)相比反射率差异性指数和最大吸收深度差异性指数, 一阶导数差异性指数、 总面积差异性指数、 左面积差异性指数、 右面积差异性指数、 对称度差异性指数和归一化差异性指数都可以很好地描述不同马铃薯品种的高光谱差异性, 连续统去除光谱局部放大了两个不同马铃薯品种的高光谱差异; (2)滤波光谱和连续统去除光谱反射率差异性最大的波长位置和时间都相同, 均处于8月16日波长671.24 nm处; 最大吸收深度差异性指数值最大仅为0.01; 滤波光谱一阶导数差异性指数值在6月24日波长673.55 nm处最大达到0.977, 连续统去除光谱一阶导数差异性指数在6月24日波长759.74 nm处最大达47.87, 在不同马铃薯品种光谱差异性分析中作用最为明显; 总面积差异性指数值、 右面积差异性指数值、 对称度差异性指数值和归一化差异性指数值均在6月24日最大, 最大值分别为0.13, 0.214, 0.205和0.113, 左面积差异性指数值在7月24日最大, 为0.199; (3)根据所构建的差异性指数定量评价结果综合推测可知, 两个不同马铃薯品种高光谱差异最大的时期处于早熟品种费乌瑞它结薯期的中晚期, 中晚熟品种延薯4号结薯期的初期。
Abstract
Under the background of carrying out the “potato staple food” strategy in China, it is of great significance to do more related researches of the potato crop. In this paper, the comparison and analyses of spectral differences of different potato cultivars in different periods were aimed to provide theoretical and technical support to the identification of potato varieties, the distinction of potatoes and other crops, the extraction of potato spatial distribution, the monitoring of potato pests and diseases, the impacts of potato stresses as well as the various crop identification studies and provide a new idea for the crop hyperspectral correlation research. What’s more, the canopy hyperspectral reflectance data of the early maturing potato cultivar (Favorite), the middle-late maturing cultivar (Yanshu 4) at the tuber stage and expansion stage were obtained through field experiments in Jilin area. Firstly, the noise was removed by the method of Savitzky-Golay filtering. Then the spectra of continuum removal were obtained by the method of continuum removal and 6 parameters (the maximum absorption depth, total area, left area, right area, symmetry and area normalized maximal absorption depth) were extracted. Meanwhile, the first-order derivatives were calculated using the filtered spectral reflectance data and the spectral reflectance data of continuum removal. On the basis of the comparison of the two spectral reflectance curves of different potato cultivars, 8 different indices of 3 groups (reflectance difference index, first order derivative difference index, spectral parameters of continuum removal difference index) were constructed as evaluation indices. The reflectance difference index and first order derivative difference index were calculated using the bands of green light at 550 nm, red light at 670 nm and near-infrared light at 760 nm. Furthermore, we quantitatively analyzed the hyperspectral differences of different potato cultivars using these difference indices. In this paper, the method of continuum removal was applied to the analyses of hyperspectral differences of different potato cultivars with different growth stages. The difference indices in the article finally achieved good evaluation performence. The results showed that: (1) Compared with the reflectance difference index and maximum absorption depth difference index, the first order derivative difference index, total area difference index, left area difference index, right area difference index, symmetry difference index and normalized difference index could show the hyperspectral difference of different potato cultivars well. The spectra of continuum removal partially magnified the hyperspectral differences of two different potato cultivars. (2) The wavelength position and growth period of the filtered spectra and the spectra of continuum removal with the largest difference were the same located at the wavelength of 671.24 nm on August 16. The value of maximum absorption depth difference index was only 0.01. The value of first order derivative difference index of the filtered spectra reached 0.977 at the wavelength of 673.55 nm on June 24. The value of the first order derivative difference index of the continuum removed spectra reached 47.87 at the wavelength of 759.74 nm on June 24, which worked the best in spectral difference analyses of different potato cultivars. Besides, the total area difference index, right area difference index, symmetry difference index and normalized difference index all reached the maximum on June 24, with the values of 0.13, 0.214, 0.205 and 0.113, respectively. The left area difference index value reached the maximum of 0.199 on July 24. (3) According to the quantitative evaluation results of the difference indices, we could see that the period with the biggest hyperspectral difference of the two different potato cultivars is in the medium-late stage of tuber stage of early-maturing variety and initial stage of tuber stage of medium-late maturing variety.

罗善军, 何英彬, 段丁丁, 王卓卓, 张竞珂, 张远涛, 朱娅秋, 于金宽. 连续统去除法分析不同马铃薯品种高光谱差异性[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2018, 38(10): 3231. LUO Shan-jun, HE Ying-bin, DUAN Ding-ding, WANG Zhuo-zhuo, ZHANG Jing-ke, ZHANG Yuan-tao, ZHU Ya-qiu, YU Jin-kuan. Analysis of Hyperspectral Variation of Different Potato Cultivars Based on Continuum Removed Spectra[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2018, 38(10): 3231.

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