提出并分析了以O2(a1Δg)O19P18(7 772.03 cm-1)发射谱线为目标源进行平流层、中间层大气风场星载临边探测的可行性及优势.基于大气模型和辐射传输理论建立O2(a1Δg,υ′=0)→O2(X3Σg,υ″=0)带的辐射传输模型, 并分析多重散射和非局地热平衡效应影响下的目标源临边光谱辐亮度.表明发射线O2(a1Δg)O19P18(7 772.03 cm-1)自吸收微弱、辐射强、光谱分立度好, 能大大降低对测风干涉仪光谱分辨率、滤光系统带宽的要求, 进而使载荷更易于实现小型化、高稳定性.以星载测风多普勒差分干涉仪技术方案为例, 对以O2(a1Δg) O19P18(7 772.03 cm-1)为探测目标源的视线风速反演精度进行了仿真分析, 结果表明40~70 km高度范围内视线风速测量精度优于5 m/s; 适当放宽风速反演精度情况下, 探测范围能够向40 km以下扩展.研究结果将为平流层、中间层大气风场星载探测提供一条低成本、高精度、自主可行的技术路线.

The main propose of this paper is to discuss the possibilities and advantages of satellite-bornelimb-viewing for wind observations of stratosphere and mesosphere based on the emission line O19P18 of O2(a1Δg)O19P18(7 772.03 cm-1). The radiative transfer model of O2(a1Δg, υ′=0)→O2(X3Σg,υ″=0) is constructed based on atmosphere model and radiative transfer theory. Furthermore, multiple scattering radiative transfer and nonlocal thermal equilibrium (non-LTE) models are taken into consideration in the simulation of spectrum from limb-viewing. The emission line O19P18 (7 772.030 cm-1) with weak self-absorption, bright radiation intensity and large spectral separation range is proved to be suitable for limb-viewing wind detection. Applying the emission line O2(a1Δg)O19P18 for wind observation gets low requirement of spectral resolution and full width of half maxima of filter, making the satellite loading much more possible to be miniaturization and stabilization. The O2(a1Δg)O19P18(7 772.03 cm-1) based Doppler asymmetric spatial heterodyne interferometer technique scheme is also proposed in this paper.The simulation of limb-viewing wind measurement by proposed scheme indicates that wind measurement precision is better than 5 m/s over an altitude range of 40 to 70 km in general. In the low precision requirement condition, the measurement range could reach lower than 40km. The research achievement of this paper could provide the low cost, high precision, independent technique approach for stratosphere and mesosphere wind measurement.