粒子的波粒二象性是量子力学中一个重要的基本概念,同时安德森局域化是凝聚态物理中一个重要的物理现象。 受光子在双臂干涉仪中波粒二象性的启发,研究了一维长程跳跃随机势模型中表征电子粒子性的分辨率D和表征波动性的可见度V。研究结果表明D2小于,等于,和大于V2 分别对应退局域态,临界态和局域态。从金属态到非金属态,安德森转变可以看作一种从偏向波动样行为到偏向粒子样行为的转变。该结果对认识波粒二象性及安德森转变具有重要意义。

The wave-particle duality is a basic concept in quantum mechanics and Anderson localization is an important phenomenon in condensed matter physics. Inspired by the wave-particle duality of photon in a two-arm interferometer, distinguishability D and visibility V are explored for an electron in one-dimensional random potential model with long-range hopping. We find that D2 is less than, equal to, and greater than V2 corresponding for delocalized, critical, and localized states, respectively. In this sense, the Anderson transition can be viewed as a transition from relatively more particle-like behavior to relatively more wavelike ones. This result gives a novel view to understand the wave-particle duality and Anderson localization.