水导激光加工技术因加工材料表面热影响小，加工深度能力强等优点展现出优越的加工能力。研究基于水导激光加工机理，提出一种新型水导激光缩流导光方法，分析了缩流机理，并通过激光与缩流层流水柱高效耦合试验与材料加工试验验证其加工方法可行性。试验结果表明，保持气压不变，随着水压的增大，缩流层流水柱的速度、直径及长度不断增大；保持水压不变，随着气压的增大，层流水柱速度逐渐增大，直径和长度逐渐减小。同时，通过调节激光与层流水柱耦合最优传导激光条件下进行加工试验。对比空气中加工结果，水-气缩流传导激光加工技术在热影响区和热堆积上有明显的改善，初步验证新型水-气缩流传导激光加工技术的可行性。

The water-guided laser processing technology exhibits superior processing capability due to the small thermal influence of the surface of the processed material and strong processing depth. Based on the mechanism of water-guided laser processing, a new water-guided laser shrinkage guide method is proposed, and the mechanism of shrinkage is analyzed. The feasibility of the processing method is verified by the high-efficiency coupling test and material processing test between laser and the shrinkage column. The test results show that when the air pressure is constant, the velocity, diameter and length of the laminar flow column of shrinkage increase with the increase of water pressure. When the water pressure is constant, with the increase of air pressure, the velocity of the laminar column increases, and the diameter and length gradually decrease. At the same time, the processing experiment is carried out by adjusting the laser and the laminar water column to couple the optimal conduction laser conditions. Compared with the processing results in air, the water-air shrinkage conduction laser processing technology has obvious improvement in the heat-affected zone and thermal accumulation, and the feasibility of the new water-air shrinkage conduction laser processing technology is preliminarily verified.