光伏组件中的玻璃盖板对陷光能力及发电性能有重要影响。本文采用射线追踪的模拟方法, 系统研究了盖板玻璃表面减反膜和微结构对组件性能的影响。研究发现, 玻璃的内表面结构对器件的光学和电学性能的影响可以忽略。减反膜和玻璃前表面图案都有利于器件性能的提高。玻璃前表面结构为45°金字塔时, 光线在空气/玻璃界面能够发生多次反射, 同时在光线逃逸出组件时更容易发生全内反射, 提高了组件陷光性能。最后研究了不同的入射光角度对不同结构的器件性能的影响。结果表明, 金字塔结构在光入射角为0~10°和60~80°时表现出了优异性能, 减反膜在光入射角为20~50°时表现更好; 当同时使用减反膜和玻璃表面结构时, 与平面玻璃相比, 每日发电量可以增加5.6%。

Cover glass used in photovoltaic panels plays an important role in light harvesting and in turn panel performance. In this paper, the effects on panel performance of surface antireflection (AR) coating and of micropatterns on cover glass were systematically studied by ray tracing simulation. It was found that inner surface patterns of glass have negligible effects on the optical and electrical properties of panels. Both AR film and front surface patterns benefit panel performances. A 45° pyramidal pattern is able to suppress surface reflection and avoid an induced second reflection at the front surface as well as total internal reflection at the glass-air interface. The dependence of the incident angles of light on performance was also examined for the different structured panels. It was found that pyramidal microstructure leads to better performance when the light is irradiated at angles from 0-10° and 60-80°, while AR film is superior at 20-50°. A combination of pyramidal micropatterns and AR film can increase daily generated electricity by 5.6%, in comparison to a panel with bare flat glass.