长江流域棉花生育期长, 不利于棉油两熟制种植。通过调控栽培因子缩短棉花生育期, 实现棉油单作, 提高种植效益。本文以棉花早熟品种JX0010为试验材料, 采用二次最优回归设计(311设计), 研究了栽培因子施氮量、种植密度、播种期对棉花产量形成的影响。根据回归模型分析表明, 各栽培因子与籽棉产量的单因子效应分析得出其对籽棉产量的影响顺序为: 播种期>密度>施氮量。播种期对籽棉产量有明显的负效应, 施氮量、密度对籽棉产量有明显的正效应。两因子互作效应对籽棉产量影响的大小顺序为:施氮量与密度的互作>密度与播种期的互作>施氮量与播种期的互作。因此, 在生产上应当充分发挥施氮量与密度的互作效应, 同时结合适当的播种期, 以促进棉花增产。

The long growing period of cotton in the Yangtze river basin is not conducive to the planting of cotton oil in the double cropping system. By regulating cultivation factors, the cotton growing period can be shortened, so as to realize cotton oil single cropping and improve the planting efficiency.Early maturing cotton variety “JX0010” was used in this research as test material. The effects of nitrogen concentration,density and planting period on the accumulation and distribution of cotton dry matter were studied by using the quadratic optimal regression design(311 design). According to regression model analysis; and according to the single factor effect analysis of each cultivation factor and seed cotton yield, the order of its effects on seed cotton yield is as follows:sowing date>planting density>nitrogen application. The seeding period has obvious negative effect on seed cotton yield, and nitrogen fertilizer and density have obvious positive effect on seed cotton yield. The order in which the two factors interact on the yield of seed cotton is as follows:the interaction effectsof nitrogen and planting density>density and seeding period>Nitrogen application and sowing date. Therefore, in production, we should make full use of the interaction effect of nitrogen fertilization and density, pay attention to the reasonable combination of the two, and combine the planting period to promote the increase of cotton production.