激光雷达是对空间目标进行远距离高精度探测、跟踪监视的重要技术手段之一, 基于距离分辨的激光雷达探测系统相比于传统的成像系统, 具有整体结构简单、受大气干扰小等特点。国内外研究机构对该技术领域开展了大量研究, 主要介绍了高分辨率回波探测及反射断层成像激光雷达的发展现状, 总结和比较了国内外在理论算法、仿真分析、实验测试及实际应用等方面的进展, 分析了二者的技术特点, 展望了其发展前景。

Laser radar is an important technical way for high-accuracy detection, tracking and monitoring space-based target in the distance. Compared to the traditional imaging system, the range-resolved laser radar system has the advantages of simple structure and small atmospheric effect. At home and abroad the relative research institutes have done much work about this technology. The status and trend of two kinds of laser radar, which were called high resolution echoes detecting laser radar and reflective tomography imaging laser radar respectively, was introduced. The developments of the theoretical algorithms, modeling simulation, experimental verification and actual application were summarized and compared with each other. The technical characteristics of these two kinds of laser radar were analyzed, and the prospect of developments was expected.