搭建了远距离、高分辨率单像素成像实验装置，完成了白昼时段水平34 km距离、分辨率0.8 m的自然目标的单像素成像。单像素成像测量基采用多尺度排序的Hadamard矩阵，调制后经两个光电探测器进行差分来实现Hadamard调制测量，利用压缩率25%的测量信号和快速Walsh变换算法，实现了成像速度2帧/秒@128 pixel×128 pixel。定义了一种人机交互的信噪比评价方法计算重建图像质量，研究了单像素成像积分时间与图像质量关系，评价结果与视觉效果相符合。提出的单像素成像方案在低成本的远距离红外成像方面有潜在应用价值。

Experimental setup of long distance and high resolution single-pixel imaging system was set up. Images of natural target were obtained through 34 km outdoors horizontal atmosphere in daylight, about 0.8 m resolution was achieved. The multiple resolution level of Hadamard matrix was used as measurement basis, and owing to 25% compressive sampling and differential measuring by two photon-multiplier tubes, video frame rate of 2 Hz@128×128 pixels was achieved with the proposed hardware and fast Walsh transform algorithm. An signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) was defined based on human-computer interaction interface to estimate the qualities of the recovered images. The relationship between image qualities and exposure times were researched. The proposed scheme has the potential application in long distance and high resolution infrared imaging with low cost setup.