介绍了一种基于8×8面阵SiPM(Silicon photomultiplier)的少光子高精度多波束三维成像激光雷达系统，并给出了激光测距的理论计算以及系统设计.从64波束线阵激光并行发射出发，采用线阵转面阵光纤的排布技术实现激光发射与探测器接收配准.设计了离轴三反的光学收发系统、超窄带滤波结构以及64通道高速并行读出电路，并搭建了激光雷达样机.实验结果表示，静态21 m测距下，64通道一致性较好，测距精度均达到1 cm，最大距离偏差为6 cm；三维成像中，分辨率达到512×512，成像时间100 ms，能够分辨15 cm不同目标，平面点云厚度为5 cm.

A several photons high accuracy multi-beam three-dimensional imaging Lidar system based on 8×8 array SiPM (Silicon photomultiplier) was introduced. The theoretical calculation and system design of laser ranging were given. According to the 64 laser beam transmitted in parallel, fiber array was used to realize the alignment of laser beam and detector. The off-axis three-mirror optical transceiver system, ultra-narrowband filter structure and 64-channel high-speed parallel readout circuit were designed, and a prototype of Lidar was built. Experimental verification result indicates that 64 channels are in good uniformity under static 21 m ranging, ranging accuracy is 1 cm and maximum distance deviation is 6 cm. In three-dimensional, imaging resolution is 512×512, imaging time is 100 ms, different targets of 15 cm can be distinguished, and the thickness of plane is 5 cm.