本文研究并实验了光纤单波长激光器、光纤双波长激光器、以及光纤三波长激光器, 分别发出单波长、双波长、以及三波长激光, 分别用于对位移、台阶高度、绝对距离等参量的高精度干涉测量。利用光纤光栅只反射布拉格波长的特性, 将光纤光栅作为光纤激光谐振腔的反射镜和波长选择元件, 可以使光纤激光器具有单个或者多个独立的但光程重叠的激光谐振腔, 每个激光谐振腔有掺铒光纤作为增益介质。980 nm激光的泵浦下, 光纤多波长激光器分别发出单波长、双波长、以及三波长激光, 每个波长值可以根据需要确定, 两个波长之间的间隔也可以根据需要确定。光纤多波长激光器发出的多波长之间无模式竞争, 每个波长的功率和频率都稳定。每个波长的稳定度达10-7, 能够满足对位移、台阶高度、绝对距离进行高精度干涉测量的要求。

Three types of optical fiber lasers that can emit one, two, or three wavelengths simultaneously were researched and experimented on. The three types of lasers could be applied to measure displacement, step height, and absolute distance, respectively. By employing the characteristic that a fiber Bragg grating could only reflect a Bragg wavelength, fiber Bragg gratings have been used as the reflective mirrors of the laser resonant cavities and wavelength selectors. As such, a single laser resonant cavity and multiple independent laser resonant cavities with overlapped laser optical paths were constructed with a length of erbium-doped optical fiber in each cavity. Pumped by a 980-nm laser, the optical fiber lasers could emit a single wavelength and multiple wavelengths simultaneously; the value of each wavelength could be determined as needed. Furthermore, the wavelength interval between two adjacent wavelengths could be determined as needed. There is no laser mode competition between the wavelengths, as each wavelength has a stable power and frequency. Wavelength stability can reach up to 10-7, satisfying the precision requirements of measuring displacement, step height, and absolute distance through interferometric methods.