大气与环境光学学报, 2019, 14 (6): 442, 网络出版: 2019-12-05   

基于AIRS卫星的全球和东亚地区CO2时空特征分析

Spatial-Temporal Distribution Characteristics of CO2 over Globe and East Asia by AIRS Satellite
张绍会 1,2,*谢冰 1,3张华 1,2周喜讯 2
作者单位
1 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,江苏 南京 210044
2 中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京 100081
3 中国气象局气候研究开放实验室,中国气象局国家气候中心,北京 100081
摘要
利用2002年12月到2016年11月的大气红外探测仪(Atmospheric infrared sounder, AIRS)卫星观测资料,分析了全球 和东亚地区(70~140°E, 10~55°N)CO2浓度的时空变化和季节分布特征,并与地面观测 资料进行了对比。结果表明: 1) AIRS反演的CO2资料与地表观测资料相关系数均在0.9以上,且年均值相对误差均 在1%以内。2)全球CO2年平均浓度从2003年的375.16 ml/m3增加到2016年的401.24 ml/m3, 年平均增长率约2.01 ml/m3;同期,东亚地区CO2平均浓度从2003年的375.13 ml/m3增加 到2016年的402.22 ml/m3,年增长率约为2.08 ml/m3,高于全球的年平均增长率。 在2010~2016年,北半球大部分地区CO2浓度增长率低于2003~2009年的增长率。CO2增幅较明显 的区域位于北半球高纬度地区如中西伯利亚和格陵兰岛等地上空。3)CO2分布存在明显的区域性,高值区主要位于 北半球的中高纬度地区;低值区主要位于青藏高原上空。在南半球,CO2浓度的高值区主要位于南美洲中纬度地区; 低值区主要出现在低纬度(0~20°S, 50°W~5°E)的大西洋上空。在对流层中低层(4~6 km), AIRS反演的CO2浓度的季节变化特征准确性较高,特别在冬季,北半球大部分地区的CO2浓度随着时间 变化呈现先减小后增加的趋势。4)在东亚地区,CO2高值区位于中国北方地区,呈带状分布。
Abstract
Based on atmospheric infrared sounder (AIRS ) satellite data from December 2002 to November 2016, the spatial-temporal characteristics of CO2 concentration in different seasons over globe and East Asia (70~140°E, 10~55°N) were analyzed and compared with the surface observation data. The results show that: 1) the correlation coefficient between the CO2 data of AIRS and the surface observation data is above 0.9, and the relative error of annual mean value is within 1%. 2) The global annual mean CO2 concentration increased from 357.16 ml/m3 in 2003 to 401.24 ml/m3 in 2016, with an average annual growth date of about 2.01 ml/m3. While it increased from 357.13 ml/m3 to 402.22 ml/m3 during the same period over East Asia, with an average annual growth rate of about 2.08 ml/m3 which is a bit higher than that of globe. Over most of the Northern Hemisphere, the CO2 concentration growth rate during 2010~2016 is lower than that of during 2003~2009. In particular, mean CO2 concentration increased markedly over central Siberia and Greenland. 3) The distributions of CO2 concentrations had obviously regional features. The regions with high CO2 concentration were over middle and high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere, whereas the regions wtih low CO2 concentration were mainly located over Tibet Plateau. In the Southern Hemisphere, the regions with high concentration was located in the middle latitudes, while the region with low concentration was located in the low latitudes of Atlantic (0~20°S, 50°W~5°E). In the middle and lower troposphere (4~6 km), the seasonal variation characteristics of CO2 concentration retrieved by AIRS was highly reliable. Especially in winter, over most of the Northern Hemisphere, CO2 concentration decreased first and then increased with time. 4) In East Asia, the high CO2 concentration was located in the Northern China with zonal distribution.

张绍会, 谢冰, 张华, 周喜讯. 基于AIRS卫星的全球和东亚地区CO2时空特征分析[J]. 大气与环境光学学报, 2019, 14(6): 442. ZHANG Shaohui, XIE Bing, ZHANG Hua, Zhou Xixun. Spatial-Temporal Distribution Characteristics of CO2 over Globe and East Asia by AIRS Satellite[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics, 2019, 14(6): 442.

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