通过运用激光加工的方法在三维半球壳表面加工孔径十字环形频率选择单元, 探讨激光加工相比其他加工手段的优势和不同激光加工工艺参数对十字环形频率选择单元加工质量的影响。对球形曲面频率选择单元加工工艺方法进行分析, 介绍激光加工中出现的加工缺陷, 并根据缺陷的特点提出参数化表征量; 对实验件进行单因素参数试验, 分析标刻单元加工质量变化规律并找到合理参数范围; 最后, 根据合理参数范围做参数化试验, 探讨加工质量的改进效果。实验结果表明: 振镜式激光加工速度相较于普通数控加工系统提高了15倍左右, 加工缺陷占比可控制在5%以内。

A cross-loop slot frequency selection element is developed on the surface of three-dimensional hemispherical shell by laser processing. Advantages of laser processing compared with other processing methods and the influence of laser processing parameters on the machining quality of the cross-loop slot frequency selection element are discussed. Firstly, processing method of the frequency selection element of the spherical surface is analyzed, processing defects in laser processing are introduced, and the parametric characterization is put forward according to the characteristics of the defects. Then, single factor experiments are carried out on the experimental parts, the change rules of the processing quality of the cutting unit are analyzed, and the reasonable parameter range is obtained. Finally, parametric tests are carried out according to the reasonable parameter range, and the improvement effect of the machining quality is discussed as well. Experimental results indicate that the galvanometer laser processing speed is 15 times higher than that of ordinary computer numerical control machining system, and the processing defects account for 5% or less in control.