为满足机载光谱仪主支撑结构动力学特性好、质量低等需求, 本文进行了主支撑结构的优化设计及试验验证。首先, 针对常用结构无法适用于本系统的问题, 提出了一种框架式与薄壁筒式结构相结合的总体结构形式, 方便对遮光罩与结构进行一体化设计, 可有效降低质量且保证刚度; 其次, 为提高系统模态, 采用多变量集成优化方法, 在满足质量要求的情况下将其模态由127 Hz提高到156 Hz, 使其具有良好的动力学特性; 然后, 为确定振动环境对系统调制传递函数(MTF)的影响, 通过有限元分析与灵敏度矩阵相结合的方法分析了振动环境对系统MTF影响, 并通过计算得知本结构能适用于像元尺寸大于10 μm的机载系统; 最后, 通过对主支撑结构的测振试验与整机结构的波前检测试验, 验证了本文设计方法与分析过程的有效性与可行性。本文提出的优化设计方法可为机载遥感仪器结构的优化设计提供参考, 将有助于推动机载遥感仪器结构设计技术的发展。

To meet the requirements of high dynamic characteristics and overcome the low quality of the main support structure, an optimized design was devised and test verification of the main support structure was conducted. First, to solve the problem that classic support structures could not be applied to this system, a general structural form combining a frame-type structure and a thin-walled tubular structure was proposed. This form conveniently integrates the hood and structure to improve quality and ensure rigidity. Second, multi-variable integration optimization was adopted to improve the first-order mode from 127 to 156 Hz when the quality requirement was also met, thereby effectively improving the dynamic characteristics. Thereafter, to determine the influence of the vibration environment on the system MTF, the influence of the vibration environment on the system MTF was analyzed by combining finite element analysis and a sensitivity matrix. The scope of application demonstrates that the structure could be applied to an airborne system with a pixel size of >10 μm. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the design method and analysis process were verified by a vibration test and a wavefront aberration detection test. The optimized design method proposed in this paper can provide reference for the optimized design of airborne remote sensing instrument structures. This paper will contribute to the development of structure design techniques for airborne remote sensing instruments.