拉曼光谱是一种分子指纹光谱, 在物质成分识别和定量分析领域已得到广泛应用, 近年来也逐渐应用于深海极端环境 的原位探测。回顾了激光拉曼光谱技术的发展历程, 介绍了国内外已经研发的深海激光拉曼光谱探测系统, 并着重介绍 了各系统在深海冷泉、热液等极端区域对喷口流体、沉积物孔隙水、自生碳酸盐岩、水合物等目标物的原位探测和 应用, 最后总结了限制拉曼光谱技术在深海取得更多应用的因素, 可以为拉曼光谱技术未来的发展提供参考。

As a molecular fingerprint technique, Raman spectroscopy has been widely used in the qualitative identification and quantitative analysis for the targets, and it has also been gradually applied to the in situ detection of deep-sea extreme environment in past decades. The development of the laser Raman spectroscopy for deep ocean in situ detection is reviewed. The kinds of deep ocean Raman spectrometers developed by now are introduced, and the applications of the spectrometers for in situ detection of the seepage fluids, the sediment pore water, the carbonate minerals, and the hydrate are also presented. Finally, the factors that limit the broader application of the Raman spectroscopy in the deep ocean are summarized and discussed, which provides a reference for the future development of Raman spectroscopy.