大气温湿度廓线是大气热力状态分析、大气发展变化研究、天气过程预警和数值天气预报中关键的基本气象参数。基于红外光谱的 大气温湿度反演方法研究从上世纪60年代开始发展,根据观测位置不同分为地基红外反演方法和天基红外反演方法。总结了红外光谱反 演大气温湿度方法的基本类型,介绍了地基、天基红外探测的大气温湿度廓线反演方法的发展历程,对地基-天基红外探测联合反演大 气温湿度方法进行了分析。最后对基于红外光谱的大气温湿度廓线反演技术在气象中的应用和发展趋势进行了简要的论述。

Atmospheric temperature and humidity profile is the key and basic meteorological parameter in the analysis of atmospheric thermal state, the study of atmospheric development and changes, severe weather warning, and numerical weather prediction. Retrieval algorithm of atmospheric temperature and humidity based on infrared spectra has been developed since 1960s, and can be divided into ground-based infrared retrieval algorithm and satellite-based infrared retrieval algorithm according to different observation positions. Basic types of retrieval algorithms of atmospheric temperature and humidity based on infrared spectra are summarized. The development of ground-based and satellite-based infrared detection methods for atmospheric temperature and humidity profile retrieval is introduced. Meanwhile, the retrieval method of atmospheric states combining ground-based with satellite-based infrared sounder is analyzed. Finally, the applications and development trend of atmospheric temperature and humidity profile retrieval method based on infrared spectra are briefly discussed.