铁路机车钩舌部件长期受到挤压、弯曲、冲击, 造成材料疲劳, 产生细微裂纹, 裂纹在铁路机车长期运行过程中会逐渐扩张, 容易造成重大事故, 因而对铁路机车钩舌裂纹检测十分重要。但铁路机车钩舌部件表面布满铁锈、灰尘、油污等, 常规无损检测技术手段无法直接应用, 本文采用超声热波成像技术对机车钩舌部件进行裂纹检测, 该技术对表面的形状、锈迹、粉尘及污染等不敏感, 在裂纹等缺陷检测中有特殊的应用优势。通过该系统对机车钩舌的裂纹检测, 成功检测出钩舌裂纹缺陷, 验证了该技术对机车钩舌裂纹的检测能力。

The hook tongue parts of railway locomotives undergo squeezing, flexing, and impaction over long time periods, causing material fatigue. Cracks in railway locomotives gradually expand over the long term, which can cause serious accidents. Thus, it is very important to detect such cracks. However, as the surface of a railway locomotive hook tongue is covered with rust, dust, oil, etc., conventional nondestructive testing technology cannot be applied directly to it. Ultrasonic thermography technology was used in this study to detect cracks in the coupler parts of locomotives. The technology was not sensitive to the shape of the surface and the rust, dust, and the other pollutants on it. The technology offers special application advantages in the detection of cracks and other defects. Crack flaws were detected successfully during the crack detection for a locomotive hook tongue, thereby verifying the detection ability of the technology.