珊瑚礁地物光谱特征是珊瑚礁遥感研究的理论基础, 可以作为遥感定性和定量研究珊瑚礁的依据。 采用我国南海三亚湾鹿回头海域的优势物种疣状杯形珊瑚(Pocillopora verrucosa)为研究对象, 用光纤光谱仪测量其反射率光谱。 利用珊瑚反射率光谱和导数分析的方法研究了健康和白化两种状态下疣状杯形珊瑚的反射率光谱的差异。 研究分析的结果显示： 健康疣状杯形珊瑚的反射率光谱, 在波长580, 604.7和647 nm处出现了特征波峰, 在波长669 nm处出现一个显著的波谷； 白化疣状杯形珊瑚的反射率光谱明显高于健康疣状杯形珊瑚的反射率光谱, 但是其波形相对较为平缓, 在波长663 nm处存在一个相对较弱的波谷。 反射率光谱导数分析发现健康与白化疣状杯形珊瑚存在多个可区分波段, 其中主要可区分波段包括： 一阶导数, 404～425, 456～466, 513～532, 563～568和661～667 nm等； 二阶导数, 408～420, 542～556, 563～573, 615～634和687～695 nm等； 四阶导数, 402～418, 466～472, 478～481, 617～622和684～689 nm等。

Measurement and analysis of spectral features of ground objects is the theory basis of coral reefs remote sensing, and can be used as a basis for quantitative and qualitative research of coral reefs using remote sensing. In this paper, Pocillopora verrucosa, a common coral in Lu Huitou sea area in Sanya Bay in the northwestern South China Sea, was used to measure the reflectance spectrum using a fiber spectrometer. The spectral difference between healthy and bleached Pocillopora verrucosa was studied by reflectance spectrum and derivative spectroscopy. The results showed that the characteristic peak value appeared at around 580, 604.7, 647 nm, with significant trough being at 669 nm on the health Pocillopora verrucosa reflectance spectrum; bleached Pocillopora verrucosa reflectance spectrum was significantly higher than that of healthy coral reflectance spectrum, the reflectance spectrum waveform was gentle relatively, and there were relatively weak trough at the wavelength of 663 nm. Derivative spectroscopy was then used to conclude that the main distinguishable bands of healthy and bleached Pocillopora verrucosa. Reflectance spectral derivative analysis results showed that healthy bleached Pocillopora verrucosa has some distinguishing band, and the main distinguishing bands are as follows: first derivative regions, 404～425, 456～466, 513～532, 563～568 and 661～667 nm; second derivative regions, 408～420, 542～556, 563～573, 615～634 and 687～695 nm; fourth derivative regions, 402～418, 466～472, 478～481, 617～622 and 684～689 nm.