激光热成形作为船体外板曲面成形的新工艺, 具有良好的加工柔性, 且能够实现对加工参数的精确控制, 是实现曲面成形工艺的最佳选择。传统的热弹塑性有限元方法对大尺度板材计算需要大量的时间, 本文通过热弹塑性有限元法, 获取加工塑性应变分布, 确定固有应变等效方法, 提出小尺度-大尺度板固有应变映射法。基于激光加工实验平台, 进行激光热成形实验, 结合变形测量, 该方法与实验结果间的平均相对误差为5.27%, 验证了该方法的有效性; 相比热弹塑性有限元仿真, 该方法节约了147倍的计算时间。

As a new process for forming curved surfaces of hull plates, laser forming is the best choice for realizing the surface forming process because of the good processing flexibility and the high controllability. In this paper, the thermal elastic-plastic finite element method (TEP method) is used to obtain the plastic strain distribution of the machining, and the inherent strain equivalent method is determined; Summarizing the effect of size on the inherent strain, a small plate to large plate inherent strain mapping method is proposed.Furthermore, the experiment verification is carry out on the laser processing experimental platform. Compare with the experiment result, the average relative error of mapping method is 5.27%. Besides, this method contrasts with TEP method, it saves 147 times the simulation time.