大范围、快速、高精度扫描是光电探测、激光雷达、红外对抗等领域的一项关键技术，目前传统的扫描方式很难兼顾这些指标。首先分析了旋转双棱镜用于大范围、快速、高精度扫描的优势；其次介绍了前向扫描和反向扫描的原理和方法，并重点对反向扫描的不同算法（一阶近似法和矢量光学法）进行了分析；最后建立了旋转双棱镜快速扫描仿真系统，对两种反向扫描方式的有效性和精度进行了验证，结果显示，在±1.5°扫描范围内，一阶近似方法精度约 20″，而矢量光学方法约 1″。文中为大范围快速高精度扫描领域提供了新的技术途径。

Wide-range, fast, and high-precision scanning is a key technology in the fields of electro-optical de.tection, laser radar and infrared countermeasures. It is difficult to balance these indicators with traditional scanningmethods. Firstly, the advantages of rotational double prisms for wide-range, fast and high-precision scanning are ana.lyzed. Secondly, the principle and method of forward and reverse scanning are introduced, and different algorithmsof reverse scanning such as first-order approximation method and vector optical method are analyzed. Finally, the ro.tational double prisms fast scanning simulation system is established. The validity and accuracy of the two reversescanning methods are verified and tested. The results show that, in the scanning range of ±1.5°, the accuracy of thefirst order approximation is about 20", and the vector optical method is about 1". A new technical approach is pro.vided for wide-range, fast and high precision scanning applications.