针对红外波段下海面偏振特性建模的问题，在双向反射分布函数的基础上，建立了海面微面元的偏振双向反射分布函数模型。综合考虑了海面的自发辐射效应和反射效应对探测器接收辐射的 影响，提出了一种新的海面红外偏振特性表征模型。利用Elfouhaily海浪谱和快速傅里叶变换计算了海面的高度场信息和斜率信息。数值计算了不同观测天顶角和不同风速下海面自发辐射的线性偏 振度，以及不同入射天顶角下海面反射辐射的线性偏振度，仿真生成了海面和舰船的红外偏振图像。仿真数据与文献数据的对比分析表明，本文所建立的红外偏振特性模型适用于分析海面的红外偏 振特性。与传统的红外强度图像相比，红外偏振图像可以提供更多关于海面的细节信息。同时，目标与海面的偏振特征差异更明显，对比度更高。所提出的海面红外偏振特性表征模型对海上目标的 探测识别应用具有重要的意义。

Aiming to determine the polarization characteristics of the sea surface in the infrared wave band, a model of the polarization bidirectional reflection distribution function (pBRDF) for sea surface micro-elements was developed based on the micro-facet BRDF. Considering the effects of emission and reflection from a sea surface on the radiation received by the detector during radiation transmission, a novel model of sea surface infrared polarization characteristics was proposed. The elevation and slope of the sea surface could be captured using the Elfouhaily wave spectra and fast Fourier transforms (FFTs). Then, the degrees of linear polarization of sea surface emission and reflection radiation for different observation and incident zenith angles and for different wind speeds were calculated.Infrared polarization images of the sea surface and a ship were simulated. Through a comparative analysis of simulated data and the data obtained from the literature, the results show that the model established in this paper is suitable for investigating the infrared polarization characteristics of the sea surface. Compared with infrared images based on light intensity information, the infrared polarization images provide more details about the sea surface. Meanwhile, the differences in polarization characteristics between the target and sea surface are clearer, and the contrast between the sea surface and target is higher. The model proposed in this paper is of significance in the detection of maritime targets in the infrared wave band.